Damage disruptions can develop anywhere -the spinal cord, but the high load on the lower back as a result of an easy person determines the appearance of changes in this segment.Osteochondrosis is accompanied by pain in the lower back.Only doctors can properly determine the symptoms and treatment of the pathology.In therapy, medications and physical exercises are used, in advanced stages, surgery may be needed.In addition to the main treatment, the use of folk remedies is allowed.
What is osteochondrosis
With osteochondrosis, pathological changes begin - with intervertebral disc nucleus with a gradual transition to fibrous ring tissue.It weakens, cannot withstand the growing load, as a result, and then the movement of the disc from its physiological position begins.This occurs when fibrous fibers do not withstand the pressure and rupture.
When the disc structure destroys, the destruction of nearby tissues is running.Involvement of their closest vertebrae, their joints and ligaments begin in the pathological process.Any vertebra has spongy material from the inside and external dense contour of the record.The outer layer provides hardness and allows you to withstand heavy loads.The vertebra also has a red bone marrow responsible for hematopoiesis.
For a long time, with osteochondrosis, vascular changes and complex biochemistry occur.Bone tissue is constantly changing: some cells are destroyed, which are just coming to their place.Usually, with constant loads, more durable and solid cell formation is stimulated.Therefore, with excessive advantages, the dominance of dense fabric is formed.
The cause of the pathology
The features of modern life and a sudden decrease in human motor activity lead to weakness of muscle fibers and decreased their tone.In ordinary people, the back on that day was mostly bent position, leading to flexible muscle overstretching.This factor is considered to be the main thing to cause degenerative changes.
There are several original theories of osteochondrosis:
- Involutionary.The etiology of the disease is to wear a disc.This is mainly facilitated by an inactive lifestyle and the presence of bad habits.
- Muscles.Violation in the structure of the spinal column is due to the decline or weakness of the muscle corset or continuous muscle cramps, as well as the process of inflammation and ligaments.It is believed that improper muscle movement stereotypes cause degeneration.It contributes to excessive advantages to cartilage and other spinal structures.
- Autoimun.The process of destruction of vertebral and intervertebral discs develops according to the same scheme as rheumatoid arthritis.Such assumptions are considered close to the truth, as biochemical disorders for collagenosis are very similar to changes in the disc disc, leading to deterioration of tissue and disruption.
The pathology of internal organs, as well as the presence of a continuous microtraumas in the development of osteochondrosis, has also been proven.
There is a theory of a person's descendant's tendency to this disease;Some doctors say that violations are sometimes caused by changes in metabolic processes and distortions in internal secretion work.
In many patients with mentioned disorders, the focus of chronic infections is determined.
In light of the slow development, it is read that osteochondrosis develops under the influence of several etiological moments at once.
The mechanism of development
All symptoms of characteristic dystrophic disorders in the lumbar region can be divided into two large groups: internal (spine) and extrostebrial.
The latter is divided into reflexes and compression.Depending on the severity of the lesion and the presence of complications, four stages of the disease are distinguished:
- The fibrous rings under the influence of excessive loads and other factors begin to change the structure: cracks are formed on it.The jacket nucleus material penetrates them.Reflex reactions occur due to nerve fiber irritation that absorbs periosteum, ligaments, fibrous rings.Its irritation occurs due to pressure when hernia is formed, local edema or inflammation.Such a violation leads to the emergence of vasomotor or dystrophic changes.As a result, a person suffers from severe pain, permanent or shooting.Reflex disorders in chronic osteochondrosis in the lumbar segment lead to the development of lumbago and lumbalgia.And the pain of myofascial leads to limiting movements.Radiculopathy acts as a compression syndrome, which most often accompanies damage to the lumbosacral segment.
- Pathological progress led to an increase in intervertebral disc prolapse with its penetration into the epidural region.The vertebrae attracts together and causes different pressure on the nerve roots.It can be expressed in constant irritation or severe compression.This manifestation marks the second stage with the development of discogenic radiculitis.Often, such a phenomenon is observed from the fourth lumbar to the first sacred vertebra.
- This stage is characterized by the continuation of the hernia pressure on the nerve and vascular bonds.This ends with the appearance of paresis or paralysis in the extensor muscle.At the same time, the pain syndrome decreases or disappears.
- With the final stage, blood supply and spinal cord conservation are interrupted by the appearance of myelopathy.Changes become stable and cannot be resolved with drug adjustments.
Symptoms and clinical syndrome
The manifestation of degenerative deviations in the lower back zone is indicated by the pain of various intensity and duration.In addition, one feels fatigue, which increases at the end of the day, he sleeps badly and gets angry.Initially, the symptoms passed or reduced after a night's rest or staying in a horizontal position, but a painful sensation was observed in the morning.Therefore, the patient has to reduce his physical activity.
Lumbar region problems lead to irritation and inflammation of the nerve endings, including the pelvic innervating organs.Therefore, with advanced pathology, impaired urine, problems in the work of the internal genital organs are observed.In men, the impotence develops in this background.
Invisible pain and impaired sensitivity include lower legs.Patients record burning sensations and "crawl goosebumps", the skin on the feet is pale, dry and peeling.
Lumbar spinal column osteochondrosis is indicated by several syndrome, different levels of manifestations -different in various patients.
Koreshka
The pain in this case is due to root injury, it is acute, local in the damage area and enters the lower leg, buttocks, hips and feet.To reduce unpleasant sensations, one changes the normal style and lean towards the opposite of the violation.The pain accompanied by sweating, replaced by chills, increases when trying to move sharply after rest.
Due to the gradual decrease in muscle and atrophy, it is impossible to do normal work.In the future, the paralysis of the limbs develops, violations of the work of the internal organs in the pelvis.
Ischemic
Osteochondrosis is accompanied by damage not only the nerve endings in the lumbar region, but also the blood vessels.Their compression leads to cramps, which becomes fixed as they get worse.Clinically, this phenomenon is shown in the form of chroma.
Lack of nutrients and oxygen occurs in the pelvic organs.This exacerbates urinary problems, water removal and potential.
Sore
The appearance of pain is an early sign of osteochondrosis.The intensity depends on the degree of damage.Initially, the pain was short, disappearing after the rest, but from the beginning the disease became long and painful.Pathological weakness leads to the appearance of sharp fires with radiation in the legs, thighs, buttocks.
In the final stage, suffering is not only due to physical effort, but also coughing or sneezing.In the lumbar region, the hardening of the muscles, which is in continuous spasticity.
Vertebrate
With persistent pain, conservation and blood supply, significant deformation occurs.Damage is not only visible in the field of pathological processes, the architect of the spinal column is interrupted.Muscle tone decreases, pelvis and pelvic tends occur.Gait change, becoming uncertain.Gradually, the restructuring of the entire musculoskeletal system occurs.
The complications of osteochondrosis
If you do not treat the disease early, then the complications gradually develop, mostly reduce the quality of life and even reduce the term.A neglected dystrophic process leads to the following violations:
- muscle weakness, atrophy and asthenia;
- urinary tract and discharge (incontinence);
- development of severe deformation of the spine in men in hard physical work and in women during pregnancy;
- potential violations in men;
- lower blood flow and ischemic development;
- the highlights and hernia of the intervertebral disc;
- spondylarthrosis (thorny process growth);
- foot paresis;
- spondylosis.
An important thing when considering lumbar osteochondrosis clinics is the presence of reflected pain.Nerve beam injection leads to irritation of the internal organs, causing pain and functional function in it.This describes the development of manifestations such as difficulty breathing, arrhythmia, intestines that accompany spinal pathology.
Method of treatment
For the treatment of lumbar spinal osteochondrosis, various methods are used.
Remedy
Medications for the treatment of this disease are NSAIDs.They allow you to eliminate the inflammation process simultaneously and reduce the pain syndrome.At the same time as medications for internal use, local therapy with ointment and gel with anti -anti -inflammatory effects are recommended.Often, sodium diclofenac is used, ibuprofen in tablets or capsules.Sometimes, with an intolerance of anti -anti -anticipation, analgesics are used.
With severe pain, local blockade with novocaine or lidocaine is held.In some cases, with the inflammation mentioned simultaneously during paravertebral restrictions, glucocorticoids are used with novocaine.This allows you to influence afferent conductivity and normalize reflex activities of the nervous system.
Good results in muscle cramps are indicated by central muscle relaxants, the typical representative of this class is midocalm.These drugs are combined with anti -anti -inflammation, enhances the effects of anesthesia and full recovery of movement.
Additional treatment with medications includes sedatives and drugs to normalize the functioning of the nervous system.For this, sometimes it is recommended to take antidepressants, antipsychotic or sedative.
Vitamin complexes including group B, vitamin D and calcium help to increase nerve and metabolic processes.To restore cartilage structure, the use of long chondroprotector is used.
Physiotherapy
Modern physiotherapy techniques are part of a successful treatment of lumbar spinal osteochondrosis.These include:
- The use of various frequency and intensity.Typically, the current effects are used by up to 100 mA, amplipulse (current modulated current), darsonvalization, electrophoresis with analgesic materials and proteolytic enzymes.Methods can improve blood circulation in the damage zone, restore metabolic processes, improve blood flow, and deliver the drug directly to the point of application.
- Laser use.Its exposure reduces inflammation and pain activity, and when directed to the parapouring point, it allows you to restore the intervertebral disc structure.
- UFO.With the help of irradiation by ultraviolet, heating, vitamin D production and calcium metabolism optimization.
- Magnetotherapy.It consists of the use of induction magnets to restore regenerative processes at the cellular structure level.
- Balneotherapy.It provides the use of healing water and mud.For this purpose, patients are recommended to take regular and local baths, run applications and compress.
Physiotherapy and massage
An important link in treatment is Physical Education.The implementation is mandatory, but the selection of movements should be made by experts.Classes allow you to restore muscle tone, strengthen their fiber, develop the amount of movement in the spine.To get positive results, certain rules must be observed:
- You cannot do exercises if they cause excessive pain or stress;You should start training under the control of training therapy teachers;
- Physical education must be done regularly, only under this condition will the formation of muscle corsets occur;
- Do not make movements sharply and too fast, usually average or slow rate is recommended;
- Gymnastics is not carried out by aggravating any disease;
- In the event of a deterioration, you should immediately stop the training and consult a specialist.
It is best to choose the exercises that are done in a lie and stand on all four.It is useful to stretch the spine, download the newspaper and the back.For such patients, good recovery methods after enlargement of osteochondrosis will be a visit to the pool.
Massage is also an effective method of therapy for osteochondrosis in the lumbar segment.
Experienced specialists will help improve metabolic processes and circulation in the violation zone, relieving muscle tension.The use of the massage in the acute period is extended, with the presence of irreversible deformation, open wounds, rash or burns on the skin.
Surgical
In the absence of complex conservative therapy results, it only uses radical treatment methods.It consists of operating on the spine to eliminate nerve compression and maximum recovery of possible spinal movement or stabilize the affected segment.
The clues to the operation are:
- hernia development between hernia;
- Severe pain, which is not stopped by the use of drugs and restrictions;
- full fall in the disc with the development of caudal and ischemia syndrome;
- The appearance of signs of radiculomiloichemia.
Often, patients are performed by microdiscectomy, when bone tissue maintains integrity, and the recovery process takes a short time.
There are other methods of intervention:
- endoscopic nucleotomy;
- disk laser vaporization;
- Plasma disc nucleoplasty.
Scientists around the world are growing for the implementation of prostheses that replace the intervertebral disc.This will make it possible to recover the patient after surgery and reduce the likelihood of defects.
The use of traditional medicine
Along with the use of medicines, folk methods are used to treat pain in the lower back.They cannot replace the full therapy of osteochondrosis, but allow for forgiveness to achieve remission in complex therapy:
- At home, it is easy to use carrots or carrots as compression.They should be chopped on the scars, add some sour cream of the house and use it for wounds.
- You can pour boiling water on burdock leaves and attach it to the lumbar region.Top above with a scarf and hold one hour.
- Bodyaga in powder, diluted 1:30 with vegetable oil, helping well.From the mixture, great heating heating is obtained, which should be stored for an hour.
- It is useful for rubbing the bottom with liquid honey.But this needs to be done properly to achieve strong blood in a sore place.
- To eliminate pain in the lumbar, ointment is used.For manufacturing, you need to take the same stock as ghee, camphor oil and horse chestnut powder.After a thorough mixing, the product is decorated with slices of rye bread and used in a sore spot.
Before using folk medicine, you should consult your doctor.
Prevention
To prevent the development of lumbar osteochondrosis and remission renewal, preventive rules should be followed:
- Avoid hypothermia;
- Do not raise heavy objects (the maximum allowable load for women is 5 kg, for men - 10 kg);
- Daily doing exercises that allow us to strengthen the muscle corset and press;
- With prolonged sitting work, take a regular rest and heat;
- While walking always monitor your posture;
- regularly clean the source of possible chronic infections;
- eat properly and avoid overweight;
- Running at a moderate rate as long as possible;
- Visit the dance group, engage in swimming, walk sports, avoid sudden movement and strong jump.
It is impossible to cure osteochondrosis, as changes that occur in the spine cannot be restored, but modern help methods help restore the quality of life of the patient for a long time.